Chain-Isolated Architecture
dTRINITY maintains fully chain-isolated reserves and collateral for 
dUSD, 
sdUSD, and 
dLEND. Each network deployment is technically and economically distinct, supported by its own local infrastructure, assets, and liabilities. As a result, protocol-issued assets may share similar names on different networks, but they are not fungible across chains (e.g., Ethereum dUSD ≠ Fraxtal dUSD).
dUSD, sdUSD, and dLEND. Each network deployment is technically and economically distinct, supported by its own local infrastructure, assets, and liabilities. As a result, protocol-issued assets may share similar names on different networks, but they are not fungible across chains (e.g., Ethereum dUSD ≠ Fraxtal dUSD).By implementing chain-isolated architecture, dTRINITY intentionally sacrifices cross-chain fungibility and interoperability to contain potential risk and contagion from network-specific events.
Cross-Chain Swaps
Cross-chain swaps between non-fungible protocol-issued assets may be facilitated through third-party protocols (e.g., Frax Finance), allowing users to move capital between dTRINITY’s chain-isolated ecosystems. This is achieved by swapping or redeeming into an intermediary multichain asset, bridging it to the destination chain, and then converting it into the native protocol-issued asset on that chain.
Example Flows
- Ethereum dUSD → Swap → Ethereum frxUSD → Bridge → Fraxtal frxUSD → Swap → Fraxtal dUSD
- Ethereum dUSD → Redeem → Ethereum frxUSD → Bridge → Fraxtal frxUSD → Swap → Fraxtal dUSD
Current Networks
Fraxtal is Frax Finance’s EVM-compatible L1 blockchain, designed to provide high-performance, low-cost execution for stablecoin and DeFi applications. Originally launched as an Ethereum L2 under the OP Stack, Fraxtal has since evolved into an independent network focused on scaling DeFi ecosystems while maintaining seamless interoperability with Ethereum and other major blockchains.
Since dTRINITY’s debut in December 2024, Fraxtal has served as its genesis network, with all core protocol components natively deployed on the chain.
Users on Fraxtal may earn FXTL from the network’s native reward system. For more details, please refer to Fraxtal’s documentation.
Katana is an Ethereum L2 developed by Polygon and GSR, designed to scale DeFi-native applications with fast execution and low transaction fees. Katana also recycles yield generated from productive bridge collateral back into its ecosystem to stimulate economic activity, creating a self-reinforcing feedback loop similar in spirit to dTRINITY’s subsidy model.
dTRINITY expanded to Katana in Q4 2025, but only with dUSD. Instead of deploying other protocol components independently on Katana, dTRINITY leverages strategic partnerships with Morpho and Yearn to enable subsidized lending markets and composable vaults for dUSD. This light deployment model serves as a testbed for faster, more efficient chain expansions in the future.
Users on Katana may earn KAT from the network’s native reward system. For more details, please refer to Katana’s documentation.
Ethereum is the world's leading ecosystem for DeFi applications, capturing more than half of all onchain TVL. As the most secure and decentralized, smart contract-enabled blockchain, Ethereum serves as the ultimate settlement layer for high-value transactions and scaling adoption.
dTRINITY expanded to Ethereum in Q1 2026 with the native deployments of dUSD, sdUSD, and dLEND. Other protocol components, including dETH and dBTC, will be released later.